Over and under the earth: the roads of extraction

Beginning at the Visitor Centre of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Assoro – an interpretation centre for the region and a key node in the museum network – the itinerary draws on the memory of the mines, brought to life through images and museum initiatives in the so-called ‘sulphur village’.

Following the route of the Dittaino–Assoro–Leonforte mountain railway, visitors are immersed in the industrial archaeology of sulphur culture, where the landscape does not merely serve as a backdrop but dominates the scene, shaping the labour and lives of entire generations. This is a terrain carved out by extraction, marked by ancient sulphur mines and steep slopes surrounding the historic settlement. Hidden among these contours are remarkable feats of engineering – viaducts and tunnels – still well preserved and accessible. These visually striking structures now appear seamlessly integrated into the natural environment, allowing visitors to step into the atmosphere of the early 20th century, when slow-moving trains, symbols of fleeting progress, carried miners and emigrants toward the sulphur deposits of central Sicily or far beyond, in search of a different destiny.

This itinerary invites visitors to explore not only the remnants of infrastructure and its relationship with the land, but also the human stories it carried: the toil, the hopes and the profound transformations of a landscape and an era, capturing the rugged essence of the extractive imagination.

A collection of stories and places to explore step by step. The interactive map offers a guided journey through the ecomuseum network, following a narrative itinerary.

Visitor Center of Santa Maria degli Angeli

Founded in the 17th century by Reformed Fathers, the convent complex now houses an interpretation centre dedicated to the morphological, geological, environmental and cultural characteristics of Assoro and its surrounding area. Inside the building, there is a museographic itinerary divided into an archaeological section, a collection of works by the painter and sculptor Elio Romano and an anthropological section focusing on peasant and mining civilisation. The Convent of Santa Maria degli Angeli also serves as a reception point, information centre, gathering place, and starting point for sightseeing itineraries. It represents one of the main access points to the Ecomuseum Network of the Rocca di Cerere UNESCO Global Geopark.

Assoro

Mines of Vodi, Zimbalio, Bambinello, Giangagliano

These ancient sulphur mines, now abandoned and closed to visitors, were once part of the vast Sicilian sulphur mining district, also known as the gypsum-sulphurous plateau.

Assoro

Dittaino-Leonforte railway

The Dittaino–Leonforte railway line is an important example of industrial archaeology linked to sulphur mining. Designed at the end of the 19th century to facilitate the transport of workers to the mines and connect to the main railway lines, construction of the Dittaino–Leonforte railway began in 1906, facing significant technical difficulties and a suspension caused by the First World War. The line was inaugurated in 1918 and completed in 1923, connecting Assoro and Leonforte. Despite the slowness of the service, it represented an essential means of transport for the emancipation of the miners. The railway closed in 1959, replaced by a road service, and was definitively abolished in 1961, causing disappointment within the local community.

Leonforte

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